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What is Programming and its Types

Do you know what is Computer programming? This is a procedure by which instruction is provided to the computer to perform a task. If you do not have any information about it, then I will say that you have come to the right place because today through this article Programming, I am going to provide you with all the information related to programming.

To understand this properly, we must first understand programming languages ​​because these languages ​​are the root of programming. We use these languages ​​and ask them to do some specific tasks. If seen, we use programming languages ​​for all tasks of a computer or any machines. So today I thought, why do you guys know what is programming

What is computer programming?

Computer programming languages ​​allow us (users) to give instructions to the computer in a language that the computer understands. Just like we are such a variety of human-based languages ​​among humans, there are also many types of computer programming languages ​​so that they communicate with the computer.

All languages, whether it is C language or Python, all have their own distinct features, although with this they also have many commonalities. These languages ​​allow computers to quickly and efficiently handle large processes and complex information.

Classification of Programming Languages

Therefore, it is very important that you understand the classification of Basic Programming languages.

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Programming languages ​​are broadly classified into three categories:

  1. MACHINE LANGUAGES

These languages ​​are closest to Computer Hardware. Each unique computer has a unique machine language. A machine language program is made up of series of binary patterns (eg, 010011100) that represent simple operations that the computer can easily accomplish (for example, adding two operands, data into a memory location move etc.).

Machine language programs are executable, which means they can be easily run directly. If you want to write a program in Machine Language then you can do it, but for this, the programmer has to memorize many binary codes, which is very difficult in favor of a person.

  1. ASSEMBLY LANGUAGES

There was only one objective to bring it, how to make programming easier for humans. Therefore assembly languages ​​are also unique for a specific computer (machine).

Before execution, translation to an assembly language program is required in machine language. This translation is accomplished by a computer program called an assembler. Assemblers are written for all unique machine language.

  1. HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGES

High-level languages, such as C, C ++, JAVA, etc., all seem English-like, so it becomes easier for programmers to “think” according to a programming language. Translation in high-level languages ​​is required before machine language execution. This translation is accomplished either through a compiler or an interpreter. Compilers translate complete source code before program execution. (Eg: C ++, Java)

A list of all programming languages

Different languages ​​have different purposes, so it is very important to know about all different languages, let’s know about some types: –

  1. Machine languages, these are interpreted directly by hardware.
  2. Assembly languages, these are thin wrappers over an associated machine language.
  3. High-level languages, they are all machine-independent.
  4. System languages, they are designed to write low-level tasks, such as memory and process management.
  5. Scripting languages, they are generally extremely high-level and powerful.
  6. Domain-specific languages, they are used only in highly special-purpose areas only.
  7. Visual languages, these are non-text based languages.
  8. Esoteric languages, they are not for use but they are very interesting, funny, and educational in some directions.

Types of programming languages

If you want to see over all in a basic way, then there are two types of programming language: –

  1. Low level
  2. High level

Low level is called what the only machine understands, these are minor, easy, and fast conversions, because computer understands these languages ​​(0 and 1). Assembly language which is low level can be easily converted into machine language with the help of assembler.

At the same time, high level is called that which is understood by humans and it is written in English language, and the machine has to convert it into its language. (C Language is a high level language and it requires compilers for conversions)

By the way, the computer needs some functions to convert high level language to low level language, such as compiler, interpreter etc.

What is the Characteristics of Programming Language

Let us know about some characteristics of programming languages ​​that should be in a better programming language.

  1. A programming language should be very simple, easy to learn and also easy to use, with its good readability and easily recognizable by humans.
  2. Abstraction should be a mandatory characterization of any programming language, which should have the ability to define complex structure easily and also its degree of usability should be comfortable.
  3. A portable programming language is always preferred by everyone.
  4. The efficiency of the programming language should be very high so that it can be easily converted into a machine code and also executed. Together it consumes less space in memory.
  5. A programming language should always be well structured and documented so that it is more suitable in application development.
  6. All the necessary tools of necessity, whether for development, debugging, testing, or maintenance of the program, should be provided to all by a programming language.
  7. A programming language single environment called Integrated Development Environment (IDE) should be provided.
  8. A programming language should be very consistent in terms of syntax and semantics.

Complete information about computer programming

By the way, the list of programming languages ​​to be used right now is very long. But I have tried to give some information below in contact with all important programming languages ​​so that you can first know what is this programming language, where is its usefulness and whether you should learn it or not.

Complete information of Python

Uses of Python?

  1. Professions and Industries:

Python developers, software engineers, back-end developers, Python programmers

It is also used by other employers such as information technology, engineering, professional services and design.

  1. Major Organizations where Python is used: Google, Pinterest, Instagram, YouTube, DropBox, NASA, ESRI

Why is learning Python so important?

Python helps you to integrate systems to work very quickly according to a scripting or glue language. Also it is very useful in Rapid Application Develop (RAD).

  • The entire inner logic of many games is based on this, along with this AI is also implemented.
  • NASA also uses Python in its Integrated Planning System according to a standard scripting language.

Features of Python

  1. It is very simple to learn and also to read.
  2. It consists of associated web frameworks from which many web-based applications can be developed.
  3. Free interpreter and standard library are available for major platforms in source or binary.

When and where did Python start?

Python was developed in CWI, Netherlands in the late 1980s and was first released to the public in 1991.

Complete information of JAVA

Java is a general-purpose, object-oriented, high-level programming language that also has many features that make it ideal for web-based development.

Uses of JAVA?

  • Professions and Industries:

Software engineers, Java developers It is mostly used by employers who are from different fields such as communications, education, finance, health sciences, hospitality, retail and utilities.

  • Major organizations using Java: V2COM, Eclipse Information Technologies, eBay, Eurotech
  • Where they are used more: They are used more in specializations and industries, with many applications in Internet of Things (IoT), Enterprise Architecture, Cloud Computing etc.

Why do programmers need to learn JAVA

Java is primarily used to develop enterprise-level applications, along with video games and mobile apps, and to create web-based applications from JSP (Java Server Pages). When it is used in online, then Java allows applets to download and use them through a browser, so that a function can be performed that is not normally available. Java is a core foundation for developing Android Apps.

What are the features of Java

Application portability occurs

Robust and interpreted language is

It has a very extensive network library.

Where did JAVA start?

Originally called Oak, Java was first developed by Sun Microsystems in the early 1990s, with the original intention to add some capabilites to the C ++ language. Java was developed keeping in mind a basic principle which is WORA (Write Once Run Anywhere) meaning write once and use it anywhere. This language was introduced to the public in 1995 and is now owned by Oracle.

Complete knowledge of HTML (HyperTextMarkup Language)

HTML is a standard markup language that is used to create Web pages; This ensures proper formatting text and images (using tags) so that Internet browsers display them as they want to be seen.

Uses of HTML

  • Professions and Industries:

Web developers, technical editors, email designers, software engineers

They are used by employers in Information Technology, Engineering, Design, Professional Services, Management, Marketing, Customer Services and Sales.

  • Major Organizations where they are used: Apple, CyberCoders, Apex Systems, CareerBuilder
  • Specializations and industries where HTML is used the most: Web Development, Email Programming

Why is it so important to learn HTML?

Use of HTML to create electronic documents (pages) and display online. If you want, you can see any page and you can see HTML in action.

Talking about the present sites, then the structure and appearance of their diversity and complexity can be made possible by HTML.

What are the features

It is very easy to learn.

It is free and accessible.

It is also available in multiple versions.

When and where did HTML start?

HTML was created by physicist Tim Berners-Lee in 1990 that allows scientists to share online documents. Earlier all communication was sent in plain text only. HTML made it possible to have “rich” text (i.e. text formatting and visual images).

Complete JavaScript information

JavaScript is a client-side programming language that runs within a client browser and processes commands in a computer and not in a server. This is usually done in an HTML or ASP file. It may have Java in its name but it is not related to JAVA in any way.

Uses of JavaScript?

  • Professions and Industries:

o JavaScript developers, web developers, software engineers

o It is used by employers in Information Technology, Engineering, Design, Marketing, Finance and Healthcare industries.

Why is it so important to learn JavaScript?

JavaScript is mainly used in web development to manipulate various pages elements and to make them more dynamic, to include scrolling abilities, to print time and date, to create a Calender. And other such tasks which are not possible through plain HTML. It is also used to create games and APIs.

  • What are the features of JavaScript:

o Its basic features are very easy to learn.

o There are multiple frameworks.

o Users can easily reference JQuery, which is a comprehensive Javascript library.

Who else started JavaScript less?

JavaScript was designed by Netscape and its original name was LiveScript, which later became JavaScript in 1995.

Complete information of C Language

Who uses it?

  • Professions and Industries:

o It is often used by software developers, computer engineers, business and systems analysts, IT and web content administrators, embedded software engineers.

o It is used by employers of other domains such as Information Technology, Engineering, Management, Healthcare and Professional Services.

  • Major Organizations that use: Microsoft, Apple, Oracle, Cisco, Raytheon
  • Specializations and industries where C Language is more commonly used: Embedded Systems, Systems Programming, Artificial Intelligence, Industrial Automation, Computer Graphics, Space Research, Image Processing and Game Programming.

Why is it important to learn C language?

C Language is used to develop systems applications, which are used to integrate with other operating systems such as Windows, UNIX and Linux, as well as embedded softwares.

  • Facebook’s TAO systems have been fully programmed with C language.
  • C language is used to develop most device drivers.
  • Features of C language:

It is very simple to learn it; Because it only contains 32 keywords to master.

By using it, it is very easy to write systems programs such as compilers and interpreters

It is a foundational language for beginners.

When and where did C language start?

C Language was developed in Bell Labs in 1972. It was primarily designed to be implemented in the UNIX System. Later it eventually gave birth to very advanced programming languages, such as C++, Java C #, JavaScript and Pearl.

Complete knowledge of C++

C++ is a general purpose, object-oriented, middle-level programming language and is an extension of C language, so it is possible to code this language in C Style. In some situations, coding can be done in any format, which makes C++ a hybrid language.

Uses of C++

  • Professions and Industries:

o C ++ software is used by engineers, C ++ software developers, embedded engineers, programmer analysts.

o It is used by many different field employers such as Information Technology, Engineering, Professional Services, Design, Quality Control and Management.

  • Major Company and Organization Users: They are used in many organizations such as Google, Mozilla, Firefox, Winamp, Adobe Software, Amazon, Lockheed Martin.
  • Specializations: They are also used in System / Application Software, Drivers, Client-Server Applications, Embedded Firmware.

Why is it important to learn C ++?

C ++ language is used to create computer programs and packaged software, such as games, office applications, graphics, video editors, and operating systems.

  • Blackberry OS has been developed completely using C ++.
  • Along with the new Microsoft Office suite has also been developed from C ++.

What are the features of C++:

o This is the first programming language that is taught in the college level.

o Quick processing and compilation mechanism.

o It has a Robust standard library (STL).

When and where did C++ start?

It was released in 1983 and is often considered an object-oriented version of C language, C ++ is created to compile lean, efficient code, while it provides higher-level abstractions. To manage large development projects.

Complete knowledge of PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor)

PHP is an open-source scripting language designed to create dynamic web pages that can work effectively with databases.

Uses of PHP?

  • Professions and Industries:

o PHP developers, PHP software engineers

o It is also used in other industries such as Information Technology, Engineering, Design, Professional Services, Healthcare, Management and Finance.

  • Major Organizations that use: Facebook, Yahoo, CyberCoders, NextGen
  • Specializations where PHP is most commonly used: Web Application Development, Server-Side Scripting, Command Line Scripting

Why is it so important to learn PHP?

PHP is primarily used with dynamic data-heavy websites to collect form data. It is also used in app development to generate dynamic page content.

  • PHP is a part of the LAMP platform that is used in Facebook and Yahoo.
  • Platforms such as Joomla, WordPress and Drupal use PHP language.
  • What are the features of PHP:

o It is very easy to learn (so simple some codes are embedded in HTML)

o Free and opensource.

o It can be used in all major operating systems and web servers.

When and who started PHP?

PHP was released in 1995 on the basis of a server-side scripting language, which was processed into a server so that it could become a website in plain HTML.

Complete knowledge of SQL (Structured Query Language)

SQL is a database query language (it is not a development language) that allows adding content to the database, accessing and managing them properly.

Uses of SQL

  • Professions and Industries:

o SQL server developers, database testers, software developers, database administrators

o It is also used in many different industries such as Information Technology, Engineering, Design, Management, Professional Servers, Business and Finance.

  • Major Organizations where they are used: SQL is used by many companies and organizations to gather data. This includes many such as Robert Half Technology, Nigel Frank, CyberCoders and UnitedHealthcare etc.

Specializations where SQL is used the most: in Data Analysis and Big Data Mining.

Why is it more important to learn SQL?

SQL interacts with the backend database in the web application. It is also called “de facto standard” database language, which is used in conjunction with other programming language. SQL programs are implemented in businesses and organizations in a way that the information stored in databases can be accessed and manipulated.

  • Relational database management systems in which SQL is used also include MySQL (by Oracle), Sybase, Microsoft SQL Server and others.

What are the features of SQL:

o Syntax is very simple.

o It is free and easily accessible.

When and who started SQL?

SQL was developed in IBM Research Center in 1974 and its original name was SEQUEL. Its first commercial version was introduced by ORACLE in 1979.


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